PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SLEEP QUALITY AS CORRELATES OF MOTOR SKILLS AMONG

Abstract

This study examined the relationships among physical activity, sleep quality, and motor skills among grade X students at SMK Negeri 1 Sikur in 2025. The study used a quantitative cross-sectional correlational design. A total of 83 students from a population of 502 grade X students were selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. Physical activity was measured using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A), sleep was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and motor performance was evaluated through the Barrow Motor Ability Test. To avoid misinterpretation of PSQI scoring, raw PSQI scores were used for sleep-status description, whereas inferential analysis used a reverse-coded sleep-quality direction score so that higher scores indicated better sleep quality. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, assumption testing, Pearson correlations, and multiple regression. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between physical activity and motor skills (r = 0.372, p < 0.001) and between sleep-quality direction score and motor skills (r = 0.444, p < 0.001). The simultaneous model was significant (F(2,80) = 9.819, p = 0.001; R² = 0.197; adjusted R² = 0.177). In the combined model, sleep-quality direction remained significant (B = 1.597, p = 0.018), whereas physical activity was not significant (B = -0.053, p = 0.988). These findings indicate that physical activity and sleep quality are associated with motor performance, but the results should be interpreted as correlational rather than causal.